In 1972 United States President Nixon arrived in China in an attempt to improve relations between the two countries. China and the U.S. have had a strained relationship for many years. China became a communist nation in 1949 and has since been known as the People’s Republic of China (the PRC). During the American led UN operations in Korea, during the early 1950’s, The PRC helped their communist allies in North Korea providing troops to fight the US army. The United States also supported Nationalists in Taiwan angering China who have always maintained that Taiwan is a part of China. This historic meeting was due to the diplomatic efforts of Dr Henry Kissinger who spent two years setting up the visit. Kissinger was also responsible for negotiations leading the end of the Vietnam War and improving relations between the U.S. and Russia, contributing to the end of the Cold War. The defining moment of this meeting was the Shanghai Joint Communiqué (made on the 28^th of February 1972) which declared Taiwan a part of China. Taiwan has no formal recognition as a separate country by the United Nations and most countries since 1972.

 In 1965 African American Nationalist Malcolm X was assassinated in New York by rival Black Muslims. Malcolm X was the son of James Earl Little who was a preacher that was murdered by white supremacist group ‘the black legion’. Malcolm X would go on to preach the same controversial African American nationalist ideals as his father (Malcolm X once called for a “Blacks only state”). Malcolm ‘X’ was formally Malcolm little but decided to give up his ‘slave name’.

 In 1848 the ‘Communist League’ published their ‘Communist Manifesto’ in London, England. ‘The Communist Manifesto’ was written by Karl Marx who has influenced millions of people around the world. It was originally in German called the “Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei” ("Manifesto of the Communist Party"). The philosophy of communism was created by Karl Marx and Friedrich Eagles in an attempt to put an end to class society once and for all. This made communism very popular with the working classes and the manifesto ends with “Workers of the world, unite!” In 1917, Marxist Vladimir Lenin led the first successful communist revolution and became the leader of Russia.